Android (양방향 액티비티, 암시적 인텐트, 액티비티와 인텐트)

Dev/Android

Android (양방향 액티비티, 암시적 인텐트, 액티비티와 인텐트)

Walker_ 2024. 5. 8. 13:49

1. 양방향 액티비티

- 메인 액티비에서 세컨드로 넘긴 후

- 세컨드에서 메인트로 데이터를 돌려주는 경우

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/editNum1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/editNum2"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnNewActivity"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="더하기"/>

</LinearLayout>

- 메인 액티비티 XML

- 액티비티추가 : New > Activity > Empty Activity 클릭

- 위 방식으로 추가하면 mainfests, xml 자동 적용

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".SecondActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnReturn"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="돌아가기"/>

</LinearLayout>

- SecondActivity XML 작성

package kr.jeongmo.a0508_project_09_small_02

import android.app.Activity
import android.content.Intent
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import android.widget.Button
import android.widget.EditText
import android.widget.Toast

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

        title = "메인 액티비티"

        val editNum1 = findViewById<EditText>(R.id.editNum1)
        val editNum2 = findViewById<EditText>(R.id.editNum2)
        val btnNewActivity = findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnNewActivity)
        btnNewActivity.setOnClickListener {
            val intent = Intent(applicationContext, SecondActivity::class.java)
            intent.putExtra("num1", editNum1.text.toString().toInt())
            intent.putExtra("num2", editNum1.text.toString().toInt())
            startActivityForResult(intent, 0)
        }
    }
    override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode:Int, data:Intent?) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data)
        if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
            val sum = data!!.getIntExtra("sum", 0)
            Toast.makeText(applicationContext, "합계 : ${sum}", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
        }
    }
}

- 메인 액티비티

package kr.jeongmo.a0508_project_09_small_02

import android.app.Activity
import android.content.Intent
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import android.widget.Button

class SecondActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_second)

        title = "Second 액티비티"

        // 인텐트 관련 처리
        val intent = intent
        val sum = intent.getIntExtra("num1", 0) + intent.getIntExtra("num2", 0)

        val btnReturn = findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnReturn)
        btnReturn.setOnClickListener {
            val intentResult = Intent(applicationContext, MainActivity::class.java)
            intentResult.putExtra("sum", sum)
            setResult(Activity.RESULT_OK, intentResult)
            finish()
        }
    }
}

- 세컨드 액티비티

2. 암시적 인텐트

- 명시적 인텐트의 개념이 두 액티비티를 사용자가 직접 생성하고 코딩하는 것이라면,

- 암시적 인텐트는 약속된 액션을 지정하여 '안드로이드에서 제공하는 기존 응용 프로그램을 실행하는 것',

- 예를 들어 전화번호를 인텐트로 넘긴 후에 전화 걸기 응용 프로그램이 실행되는 것.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="kr.jeongmo.a0508_intent_02">
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>
    
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.0508_intent_02">
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

- manifest

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnCall"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="전화 걸기"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnWeb"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="홈 페이지 열기"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnGoogle"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="구글 맵 열기"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnSearch"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="구글 검색하기"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnSms"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="문자 보내기"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnPhoto"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="사진 찍기"/>

</LinearLayout>

- xml

package kr.jeongmo.a0508_intent_02

import android.app.SearchManager
import android.content.Intent
import android.net.Uri
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import android.provider.MediaStore
import android.widget.Button

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

        title = "암시적 인텐트 예제"
        val btnCall = findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnCall)
        val btnWeb = findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnWeb)
        val btnGoogle = findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnGoogle)
        val btnSearch = findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnSearch)
        val btnSms = findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnSms)
        val btnPhoto = findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnPhoto)

        btnCall.setOnClickListener {
            val uri = Uri.parse("tel:010-1234-5678")
            startActivity(Intent(Intent.ACTION_DIAL, uri))
        }

        btnWeb.setOnClickListener {
            val uri = Uri.parse("http://daum.net")
            startActivity(Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri))
        }

        btnGoogle.setOnClickListener {
            val uri = Uri.parse("https://maps.google.com/maps?q="
                    + 35.86606 + "," + 128.5938 + "&z=15")
            startActivity(Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri))
        }

        btnSearch.setOnClickListener {
            val intent = Intent(Intent.ACTION_WEB_SEARCH)
            intent.putExtra(SearchManager.QUERY, "안드로이드")
            startActivity(intent)
        }

        btnSms.setOnClickListener {
            val intent = Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO)
            intent.putExtra("sms_body", "안녕하세요?")
            intent.setData(Uri.parse("smsto:010-1234-5678"))
            startActivity(intent)
        }

        btnPhoto.setOnClickListener {
            startActivity(Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE))
        }
    }
}

- 액티비티

3. 액티비티와 인텐트

package kr.jeongmo.a0508_newproject03

import android.content.Intent
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import android.widget.Button

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

        val btnGoSecond = findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnGoSecond)
        btnGoSecond.setOnClickListener {
            val intent = Intent(applicationContext, SecondActivity::class.java)
            startActivity(intent)
        }

    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@color/white"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnGoSecond"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="새 화면 열기"/>

</LinearLayout>

package kr.jeongmo.a0508_newproject03

import android.content.Intent
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import android.widget.Button

class SecondActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_second)

        val btnGoThird = findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnGoThird)
        btnGoThird.setOnClickListener {
            val intent = Intent(applicationContext, ThirdActivity::class.java)
            startActivity(intent)
        }

        val btnReturn1 = findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnReturn1)
        btnReturn1.setOnClickListener {
            finish()
        }
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="@color/teal_200"
    tools:context=".SecondActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnGoThird"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="새 화면 열기"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnReturn1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="돌아가기"/>

</LinearLayout>

package kr.jeongmo.a0508_newproject03

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import android.widget.Button

class ThirdActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_third)

        val btnReturn2 = findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnReturn2)
        btnReturn2.setOnClickListener {
            finish()
        }

    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="@color/teal_700"
    tools:context=".ThirdActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnReturn2"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="돌아가기"/>

</LinearLayout>

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